基于SEM的医院安全脆弱性研究

为准确衡量医院的安全水平,分析医院安全脆弱性影响因素及其关系,首先提炼出基于4个指标,26个因子的医院安全脆弱性概念模型;然后选取10家三甲医院的200名中高层管理者发放问卷,采用SPSS21.0软件对模型进行影响因子验证和修正;最后运用SEM方法,得到指标对医院安全脆弱性的影响路径系数。研究结果表明:人员安全类对医院安全脆弱性影响最大;其次是技术安全类、自然灾害类的脆弱性;另外,4大类脆弱性因素具有直接或间接的影响;医院管理者可以通过加强人员安全培训和管理,提升技术安全措施,预防自然灾害,减少医院安全事故的发生。     

Disparities in the prevalence of smoke alarms in U.S. households: Conclusions drawn from published case studies

Introduction

Deaths from fires and burns are a leading cause of fatal home injury in the United States. Smoke alarms are one of the most effective interventions to prevent residential fire deaths. Nationwide, more than 95% of homes are estimated to have at least one smoke alarm. There is evidence that homes at highest risk of fire deaths lag behind national averages in smoke alarm use and maintenance.

Method

We compiled a comprehensive list of published studies that focus on smoke alarm prevalence in high-risk homes. Our findings show that there are substantial gaps in both smoke alarm presence and functional status between high-risk homes and national average estimates.

Conclusions

To save more lives, improved efforts are needed to reduce the disparity in smoke alarm prevalence and functional use in the United States.     

Plasticity in spawning visits of female damselfish, Stegastes nigricans : effect of distance to mates

Both sexes of the damselfish Stegastes nigricans hold individual territories in which they feed on filamentous algae. At dawn, females visit males' territories to spawn, and the males guard the eggs until hatching. We examined how females' spawning behavior varied according to the distances to their mates. Females usually mated with a single male per morning. The distance to the territory of a mate (0.7–12.8 m) did not affect a female's total spawning time per morning, but affected the number of her spawning visits with that male. Females made many repeated spawning visits when spawning with males at short distances, while they spawned the entire clutch in one visit when spawning with males at long distances. This plasticity in female behavior appears to be related to two costs during the spawning visits: (1) intrusions by other fish to feed on algae in the female's territory during her absence, which may cause the female to return repeatedly to her territory for defense, and (2) attacks on the female by other territorial fish, which increased with the distance to their mates' territories. To minimize the sum of both costs, females should change the number of spawning visits depending on the distance to the males' territories. Received: 30 September 1996 / Accepted after revision: 17 March 1997     

二氧化氯处理医院污水的研究

本文采用的二氧化氯消毒剂,经过鉴定,完全符合国家规定的《消毒剂规范》要求。     

医院废水处理技术新进展

医院废水和一般废水相比,产生量小,病菌种类多,成份复杂.自从2003年发生非典后,对医院废水的处理就显得尤为重要.2004年国家环保总局发布《医院污水处理技术指南》,对医院的废水处理提出更高的要求.本文介绍了这几年新近发展的几种处理方法.     

鞍山市医疗废物处理现状及对策分析

从医疗废物的来源及其对人体的健康和环境的危害入手，结合医疗废物在收集、储存、运输、处理处置过程中的特殊要求，对鞍山市医疗废物管理现状进行了全面分析。针对医疗废物的全过程管理和危害化处理处置进行了深入探讨，提出了相应的建议和对策。     

医院污水处理技术

简述医院污水的处理方法 ,重点探讨目前改进型或替代的生物处理工艺 ,展望医院污水处理技术的发展趋势。     

医院污水处理中ClO_2检测方法的改进研究

本研究用R5法制取ClO2 对医院污水进行消毒处理 ,针对碘量法测定剩余ClO2 时的不足 ,通过控制溶液pH值、加入稳定剂、活化剂和掩蔽剂的方法对其进行改进 ,实现了将溶液中ClO2 、Cl2 、ClO- 2 、ClO- 3区分测定的目的。实验表明 ,改进后的检测方法能够真实准确地反映溶液中剩余的ClO2 。     

沈阳市当前环境信访与投诉案件的对策研究

分析了沈阳市环境信访投诉案件的季节性和区域性分布特征，阐述了夏季是信访投诉高峰期，近八成信访与投诉发生在城市7个中心区的特点。其中，春、秋两个季节多发扬尘、烟尘投诉；夏季是噪声、油烟投诉的高峰期；冬季主要是采暖引发的烟尘问题、噪声问题，以及建筑工地夜间施工扰民问题投诉。对2006年查处的重点环境案件进行了剖析，针对沈阳市环境信访与投诉案件的形式和特点，提出了部门联合、污染治理技术筛选、源头治理、专项整治的措施和手段。